Tarbosaurus Fossils

Despite the predatory power wielded by tyrannosaurs, they could be quite delicate with their jaws when they wanted to. Although often cast as indiscriminate bonecrushers, tyrannosaurs could be quite judicious with their bites.

Scientists recently found bite marks on the nearly complete skeleton of a large hadrosaur (right) excavated from the Gobi Desert that were likely punctures and scratches likely made by the eastern cousin of Tyrannosaurus called Tarbosaurus (above). In a bit of fossil forensics, paleontologists David Hone of the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology in Beijing and Mahito Watabe Hayashibara Museum of Natural Sciences in Okayama, Japan determined that the hadrosaur was dead and mostly buried when the Tarbosaurus happened upon it, with just a few parts of its body sticking up above ground.

Rather than chomp through the protruding limb bones and bolting them down, however, the Tarbosaurus used several different bite angles to strip the remaining muscle off the left arm of the hadrosaur, leaving behind a series of scratches and pits. The results appear June 29 in the journal Acta Palaeontologica Polonica.

Images: 1) Tarbosaurus/Matt van Rooijen. 2) Close-up of bite marks on the on distal end of hadrosaur bone from the Maastrichtian Bugin Tsav locality in Mongolia. Black arrows indicate deep gouges that penetrate the cortex on the end of the bone. White arrows indicate deep puncture marks on the surface of the bone. /David W. E. Hone.
Source From Great Site: http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/08/dinosaur-arsenal-gallery/3/#ixzz0x7rIIzac

Tyrannosaurus rex

Tyrannosaurus rex has represented the biggest and baddest of the predatory dinosaurs. Its tooth-studded jaws still inspire a mix of fear and fascination in many museum halls, and there can be no doubt that this apex predator of the North American Cretaceous had a formidable bite. But new research shows that the secret of the strength of Tyrannosaurus isn’t found in its jaws, but in its neck.

While the small forearms of Tyrannosaurus and its close kin were muscular and could have acted like meathooks in apprehending prey, these dinosaurs primarily used their head and neck to capture and kill other dinosaurs. Indeed, the neck of Tyrannosaurus would have had to withstand the stresses of grappling with struggling hadrosaurs and horned dinosaurs in addition to the regular strains of carrying around such an enormous noggin.

Using scars left on bone by muscle attachments and the anatomy of living birds and crocodiles as a guide, paleontologists Eric Snively of the University of Alberta and Anthony Russell of the University of Calgary created a digital reconstruction of Tyrannosaurus in 2007 to investigate the range of motion and muscular forces the tyrant’s neck would have allowed.

Their reconstruction of the neck muscles of Tyrannosaurus showed surprisingly that they were strong enough to quickly swing that enormous head to the side while attacking prey. It probably didn’t even need to latch on with its tiny forelimbs before the initial, crushing bite.

Even more impressive, they discovered Tyrannosaurus would have been capable of tossing its prey upwards to give the jaw muscles a moment to relax before snapping shut to reposition the food. According to the scientists’ measurements, Tyrannosaurus could have tossed a 110-pound chunk of meat up to 16 feet in the air. This peculiar mode of consumption, known as inertial feeding, is seen among living birds and crocodiles.

Read More http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/08/dinosaur-arsenal-gallery

Claws, Jaws and Spikes: The Science of the Dinosaur Arsenal

From the playground sandbox to the big screen, we love to imagine dinosaurs tearing into one another. The teeth, horns, claws, and spikes that adorn their skeletons must have had some purpose, after all.

Since the time of their scientific discovery in the early 19th century, dinosaurs have frequently been depicted as ferocious creatures often locked in lethal combat. Images of a Triceratops facing down a Tyrannosaurus bring such long-past confrontations to life, but, thanks to a slew of new studies, paleontologists can do much more than just imagine attack and defense in the prehistoric world.

Dinosaur bones are what remain of once living, breathing animals, and through disparate scientific techniques – from biomechanics to bone histology – paleontologists are providing us with an unprecedented view of the lives and biology of these creatures.

Some of these findings, such as the ability of Tyrannosaurus to toss large hunks of meat into the air before biting back down on them, make them even more frightening, while the notion that the “weapons” of many herbivorous dinosaurs were used more for display than defense is causing scientists to rethink what has been assumed about their evolution.

Read More http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2010/08/dinosaur-arsenal-gallery/

PROOFS OF CREATION : LIVING FOSSILS.(PART 4) (4 of 4)CAMBRIEN FOSSILS AND THE CREATION OF

Evolutionists claim that one species turned into another, and all the life forms on the Earth have thus emerged. If this were true, then there must have been countless fossils of intermediate forms that show these different species allegedly evolving into one another. But no fossils of half-fish semi-amphibians, half-dinosaur half-birds, or half-ape half-humans of the kind sought by evolutionists have ever been found. Quite the contrary, the Earths fossil layers actually prove that living things have existed in their perfect forms ever since they were first created by ALLAH.

New Dinosaur Fossil Shocks Evolutionists

Confusion raises as new non-therapod dinosaur fossil with fibrous processes was found, questioning the dino-to-bird fairy tale.

God Answers the Dinosaur Question

Footage of the devil planting dinosaur fossils. Thanks to my subscribers for the questions. More answers to come!

The Fabulous Chinese Fossils--- Chaoyang Liaoning Province china organism fossil

Archaeology excavation was still continuing,

Xu, also a postdoctoral fellow at the American Museum of Natural History in New York, waxes enthusiastic about what has become one of Earth's most celebrated fossil beds. Discoveries there are casting light on life during the Mesozoic, specifically 130 million to 110 million years ago—a time distinguished by the diversification of dinosaurs, mammals, birds, and flowering plants.

"Liaoning opens a window on the late Mesozoic that is more complete and more in depth than anywhere else on Earth," Xu asserts. The reason is the diversity and great abundance of terrestrial plants and animals and their fossilization. At most sites only bone can be found. At Liaoning the fine particles of ash and mud that covered animals preserved soft body parts and prevented decomposition by sealing off oxygen.

Some scientists call Liaoning a Mesozoic Pompeii, evoking the ancient Roman city where humans were entombed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. But in its own way Liaoning is even more remarkable. Repeated volcanic eruptions created a layer cake of fossil beds spanning millions of years. So far, more than 60 species of plants, nearly 90 species of vertebrates, and about 300 species of invertebrates have been identified. Paleontologists marveled at dinosaur fossils with stomach contents identifiable as the bones of lizards and mammals, and at bird fossils containing plant seeds.
Liaoning is situated within a vast region whose primeval flora and fauna are referred to as the Jehol biota. The area was characterized by a warm climate and numerous lakes. These conditions provided a fruitful environment for plants and animals to differentiate and flourish. So many individual fossils have been found that scientists are able to study population dynamics, succession within communities of interacting species, and even predator-prey relationships.

"The site preserved not just bones but often whole skeletons," says paleontologist Hans-Dieter Sues of the Smithsonian Institution, "and some birds were preserved so well you can distinguish between male and female. Liaoning is unique."

During the 1990s Liaoning jumped from the pages of scholarly journals onto front pages everywhere through a series of spectacular discoveries of archaic birds and—more intriguingly—dinosaurs with feathers. These fossils bolstered the once controversial but now widely endorsed theory that modern-day birds descended from dinosaurs. They also provide much new evidence in the ongoing debate about how flight originated.
Fossils are being uncovered faster than paleontologists can describe the specimens and spread the new knowledge through scientific papers. And Liaoning promises to provide fresh discoveries for many years to come.

A Day at a Montana Dinosaur Dig

A glimpse into the life of a Montana dinosaur dig field crew.

Dinosaurs from land, sea, sky on display

If you just can't get enough of dinosaurs, then Cranbrook Institute of Science's new exhibit may be for you.

More than 60 skeletal mounts (casts from original fossils and bones) representing 40 species of dinosaurs that once inhabited Earth between 250 and 65 million years ago, during the Mesozoic Era, make up the massive "World of Dinosaurs; Land, Sea and Air" exhibit. The display covers 6,000 square feet on two levels inside the institute.

One skeletal mount sure to grab visitors' attention is the 40-foot-long male Tyrannosaurus rex, named Stan.

Apparently, life was pretty tough for old Stan. The weary bones of this intimidating specimen indicate he had healed from a broken neck and suffered an assortment of broken bones.

He even had teeth marks in his skull, says Stephen Pagnani, spokesman for the Cranbrook Institute of Science. The culprit was most likely other surly T. rexes, adds Pagnani. "When you stand under (Stan), it is really impressive."

Pagnani says a display of a carnivorous Velociraptor (aka. raptor) and a foliage-loving Protoceratops locked in a battle to the death is pretty cool too.

Being surrounded by all that dino-glory, he says, makes you thankful to be living in this day and age. "Humans weren't around then," he says. "It probably wouldn't have been a comfortable situation for humans if we had."

Not all of the specimens in the exhibit walked the Earth, says Pagnani. There also are the marine predators such as the sea monster-like Mosasaur, which weighed up to 20 tons. And ruling the sky are the Pterosaurs (flying reptiles) suspended above the exhibit. One such flying reptile on display is the Pteranodon, which has a 24-foot wingspan.

"World of Dinosaurs" also provides the viewer with graphics depicting what the creatures may have looked like and brief narratives of their living environment, size, diets and possible reasons for their demise.

The exhibit also includes children's activities that help them to feel like a paleontologist uncovering fossils when they try the dig box that simulates what it is like to be in the field.

"The best part about the dig box is that there is no dirt," says Pagnani. "The dirt is made up of plastic rubberize pebbles, which makes parents quite happy."

Pagnani says another big hit with visitors is the ant colony. Scientists in search of dinosaur remnants often will check around ant colonies because busy insects sometimes unearth dinosaurs bits and pieces. "Ant colonies show how we can learn things from nature," Pagnani says.

On the second Saturday of each month (except September), from 1-4 p.m., Cranbrook will give visitors young and old the opportunity to participate in a Dino Prep Lab where they can strap-on the goggles, rev-up the air-powered pick and prep dinosaur bones that are still trapped in rock.

They also can enjoy dino-themed coloring pages and dino-puppets, touch real dino-eggs and sit on an Apatosaurus (Brontosaurus) bone.

Source from Website: http://www.detnews.com/article/20100812/ENT05/8120324/Dinosaurs-from-land--sea--sky-on-display

What Are Dinosaurs Fossils

When you go to the museum and see a massive dinosaur standing before you, it might be tempting to believe that this huge replica is a real dinosaur that was recovered from some frozen fossilized state. That misconception is even more common when you see entire skeletons standing erect as though an entire dinosaur simply shed its skin and flesh leaving the bones there for you to look at. The idea that each of those bones is an actual fossil that was somehow knit together into a complete creature is an illusion that the museum people want you to believe.

But in fact, you are probably looking at a replica of the dinosaur skeleton and the bones that make up that replica are no doubt plaster of paris molds of real fossils. That doesn’t make the display any less interesting and educational. But it might make you feel less squeamish that there are real dinosaur bones on display like that. If you then proceed further back into the museum, you can often find real bones in cases for you to examine. These fossils were discovered at some exotic location around the world and very carefully excavated by a type of a scientist called a paleontologist. The process of how paleontologists painstakingly retrieve and transport these precious fossils for you to see in the museum is a fascinating part of science in its own right.

Those huge dinosaurs bones and teeth and other remands of the mighty dinosaur are often all most of us know about dinosaur fossils. If you ask a child or your average man on the street what a fossil is, they might say that it is a dinosaur bone. But the definition of fossils is much more complicated than that. Learning what a fossil really is can go a long way toward giving you an appreciation for this fascinating area of scientific inquiry.

There are other kinds of fossils than just a bone of long deceased animal. It is true that some of the most important archeological discoveries of fossils that have yielded volumes of data about the past were actual remains of ancient creatures that died and whose bodies were somehow fossilized for future scientists to study. But scientists can learn a great deal about other kinds of fossils as well. Many fossils are plant life from ancient times. While not as likely to inspire a movie as Tyrannosaurus Rex, much can be learned about our planet and the environment that existed millions of years ago from plant life fossils that are found in rocks and other common archeological digs areas.

How Are Fossils Formed

When I was a child, I thought I would make my own fossil. So I took the body of a bird that had died in the yard and buried it in the garden thinking it would become a wonderful fossil like that ones I saw at the natural history museum. You know how well my experiment worked out. When I went back a few weeks later, I found that the bird's body had been reclaimed by nature and had begun to become part of the garden itself. I left it there.

The very fact that we have dinosaurs fossils at all shows that from time to time the natural order of things doesn’t happen the same exact way. Our planet and the way nature works is built on the theory of recycling. So when something dies in nature, something either eats it or it decays and becomes part of the soil again to feed plants which grow fruit to feed birds who feed animals and the cycle is repeated. When a creature becomes fossilized, something different happens. And how that happens is a pretty fascinating twist on how nature works.

The first element in fossilization is water. While some fossils are formed in mud or ice, the presence of moisture is part of the formula. Most fossils were formed when an ancient animal, perhaps a dinosaur, dies and is submerged in water either because it fell into a lake or ocean or some form of water migration buried the corpse in water before it had naturally decayed. Because the body is cut off from air, the normal process of decomposition does not occur exactly the same way as above ground.

The body will settle into the floor of the lake or ocean where it settles to be processed by bacteria and sea creatures who will dine on the soft flesh and body parts of the animal. But these underwater recyclers will leave the skeleton intact, which becomes the base material for our future fossil find. The bones will settle further into the mud at the bottom of the seabed. Very often that settling will leave the structure of the animal relatively intact which is delight when we find a fossil in that good of shape.

Over time sentiment buries the bones and many thousands of years slowly changes the nature of the bone matter essentially turning the skeleton into rock to become part of the solid matter around it. By this time, that fossil may be buried very deep under the floor of the ocean. But the earth is always moving and changing and millions of years of that movement may cause the rock to emerge from the water and become dry land.

Fossils All About Fossils

The fact that some of the popular children's foods come in dinosaur shapes should tell us something. From breakfast cereal to vitamins to candy, kids love to find new ways to have dinosaurs in their lives. And when you look at the world of television and movies, you don’t have to go far to see how much children love to include a dinosaur in their entertainment. We start them out with Barney and from then on out, dinosaurs are very much part of the fantasy world of children.

As much as children love to play with dinosaurs, they love to learn about real dinosaurs even more. Unlike space aliens or Harry Potter imaginations, the thing that excites youngsters about dinosaurs is that they look like aliens but they were very much real and a big part of the history of our planet. So when any school lesson or educational show comes on about the various times in history when dinosaurs ruled the world, it is not hard to get the young people excited and fascinated. Many children become real experts in paleontology and archeology and become fascinated with how dinosaur fossils are discovered and what we can learn from them.

The excitement your children have for dinosaurs makes a trip to a local science museum a real event for the whole family. If the museum has full sized and even moving dinosaur exhibits, you will enjoy hearing that favorite phrase come from the children of "oh wow" when they walk in and see a Tyrannosaurus Rex or a Brontosaurs recreated in actual size before their eyes. A great display to find for your young dinosaur lovers is a large room where a model of a full sized dinosaur standing side by side with how that dinosaur might look if fossilized bones were connected to show how the beast could be understood more from the fossils that are discovered at archeological digs.

That kind of dramatic illustration is just the thing to create a lot of excitement when the children then go to the rooms in the museum where actual dinosaurs fossils are on display. By seeing a tooth, a leg bone or a jaw of an actual dinosaur, they can relate the size of that bone to what they just saw and begin to get the idea of how scientists are able to use their powers of observation and many other scientific disciplines including math to recreate what dinosaurs really looked like so many millions of years ago.

Dinosaur fossils found in Argentina!

Archaeologists have discovered the fossils of a dinosaur bone believed to be 85 million years old in the Patagonian badlands of Argentina.

Archaeological Discoveries - Humanity's Origins

This is a very informal special based upon the archaeological finding s of recent times on the origins of mankind. This is one very extraordinary broadcast hosted by Mr. Charlton Heston.

This program was brought to the public's eyes by the Emmy Award winning creators of "The Mystery of the Sphinx". We will be thrust forth into the World of the greatest question all of humanity has pondered about for centuries, Where did we come from and how were we created? The teachings of modern evolutionary theories and the rise of humanity will be challenged within this video series.

Scientific investigators present a large array of new evidence which the academic community has quietly and swiftly ignored, Did we evolve from the ape? That is simply one example of what will be discussed in this very eye opening documentary. Human bones and dinosaurs fossils have been discovered that predate the dinosaurs.

It is now known and proven in this documentary that the bones found completely dismantle the theory of evolution and they are older than what the theory itself allows. Did humans live at the exact time of the dinosaurs? Well it is now known and shown in this incredible video that human footprints have been discovered next to footprintsa of the dinosaurs that date back to over 100 million years ago.

Is it possible that the lost city of Atlantis be buried under miles of ice? Ancient maps with hidden clues about the great civilization of Atlantis may hold the key to solving its great mystery. A city that was once a metropolis in the ancient times has been discovered in the Bolivian Andes region and it has been dated approxiamtely to 15,000 B.C. This proof can change the evolutionary theory to absolutely nothing.


It can transform all of the textbooks we have in our schools to what we truly must be learning about our orgins and how we came to existence on this beautiful planet. Please go out and do your own research if you do not believe any concept or theory discussed within this wonderful documentary. Knowledge is power and for all of our sakes we must learn the truth about all of the hidden secrets about our existence as well as what is truly going on on this planet and elsewhere in the galaxy.

The Fossils - Saint Saens - & stamps

Images of dinosaurs fossils on stamps of the world, choreographed to Saint Saens' "The Fossils" from Carnival of the Animals.

Dinosaur with skin discovered

Scientists today announced the discovery of an extraordinarily preserved "dinosaur mummy" with much of its tissues and bones still encased in an uncollapsed envelope of skin.

Preliminary studies of the 67-million-year-old hadrosaur, named Dakota, are already altering theories of what the ancient creatures' skin looked like and how quickly they moved, project researchers say. (See pictures of the mummy dino and its preserved skin.)

Further investigations may reveal detailed information about soft tissues, which could help unlock secrets about the evolution of dinosaurs and their descendents, the scientists added.

For now, the team continues to examine the rare specimen, which included preserved tendons and ligaments, and to prepare scientific articles on the find for publication.

"This specimen exceeds the jackpot," said excavation leader Phillip Manning, a paleontologist at Britain's University of Manchester and a National Geographic Expeditions Council grantee.

Most dinosaurs are known only from their bones, which are seldom found joined together as they would be in real life.

But "we're looking at a three-dimensional skin envelope," Manning said. "In many places it's complete and intact—around the tail, arms, and legs and part of the body."

Dinosaur fossils

Japanese high school students have been working with a team from Monash University at the site of polar dinosaur fossil discoveries.

Digging for Dino Fossils

Tucker busy digging for a T-rex fossil at the T-Rex Experience Restaurant in KC. Felt sorry for the other kiddos who got spattered with Tucker oversrpay from his vicious digging technique!

DINOSAUR FOSSILS DISCOVEY IN GUJRAT,INDIA

This is a tribute to the gujrat govt. & scientists working all over the world to unravel the secrets of jurrasic world.
This is a documentary video of the discovery of dinosaur fossils in guj,india.

It made gujrat the second largest dinosaur hachery in the world.

the clips & audio is this video isn't owned by me,but i've edited numerous documentry,news reports to make it.

Dinosaur Fossils Discovey In Gujrat,India - Funny blooper videos are here

Dinosaur - Fossils And Other Evidence Of The Dinosaurs Read more: Dinosaur - Fossils And Other Evidence Of The Dinosaurs - Dinosaurs, Dinosaur, Eggs,

Humans never co-existed with dinosaurs, yet a surprising amount is known about these remarkable reptiles. Evidence about the existence and nature of dinosaurs is entirely indirect; it has been gleaned from fossilized traces that these animals left in sediment deposits.

The first indications suggesting the existence of the huge, extinct creatures that we now know as dinosaurs were traces of their ancient footprints in sedimentary rocks. Dinosaurs left their footprints in soft mud as they moved along marine shores or riverbanks. That mud was subsequently covered over as a new layer of sediment accumulated, and it later solidified into rock. Under very rare circumstances, this process preserved traces of the footprints of dinosaurs. Interestingly, the footprints were initially attributed to giant birds because of their superficial resemblance to tracks made by the largest of the living birds, such as the ostrich and emu.

The first fossilized skeletal remains to be identified as those of giant, extinct reptiles were discovered by miners in western Europe. These first discoveries were initially presumed to be astonishingly gigantic, extinct lizards. Several naturalists recognized substantial anatomical differences between the fossil bones and those of living reptiles, however, and so the dinosaurs were "discovered." The first of these finds consisted of bones of a 35-50 ft (10-15 m) long carnivore named Megalosaurus; this was the first dinosaur to be named scientifically. A large herbivore named Iguanodon was found at about the same time in sedimentary rocks in mines in England, Belgium, and France.

Discoveries of fantastic, extinct mega-reptiles in Europe were soon followed by even more exciting finds of dinosaur fossils in North America and elsewhere. These events captured the fascination of both naturalists and the general public. Museums started to develop extraordinary displays of re-assembled dinosaur skeletons, and artists prepared equally extraordinary depictions of dinosaurs and their hypothesized appearances and habitats.

Read more: Dinosaur - Dinosaur Fossils And Other Evidence Of The Dinosaurs - Dinosaurs, Dinosaur, Eggs, Fossilized, Fossils, and Bones http://science.jrank.org/pages/2094/Dinosaur-Fossils-other-evidence-dinosaurs.html